WINTER COOLING PROCESSES IN A LARGE LAKE: THE LAKE OF GENEVA

摘要

Winter cooling of a lake is one of the least understood processes in physical limnology. The study described here has demonstrated that - cold water density currents starting in the shallow near shore region and flowing along the lateral slope down into the deep waters and - vertical plumes of sinking surface water of less than 10 m diameter in the near surface layer in the open waters are two processes which provide for rapid deep water renewal and thus oxygen replenishment, faster than by small scale turbulent mixing.