Fuel Cell Eleptric Vehicles have the potential of a greenhouse gas and air pollutants free mobility without compromising comfort compared to vehicles with combustion engine. In this study hydrogen refueling stations (HRS) with liquid and gaseous supplied hydrogen were investigated based on technical requirements and lifetime cost minimization aspects, including boil-off electrification via fuel cell of liquid stations. For both concepts, energy consumption including boil-off losses (at liquid HRS) or standby losses (at gaseous HRS), initial investment costs and specific hydrogen costs were calculated depending on ambient temperature, station capacity as well as station utilization. For highest possible accuracy the thermophysical properties were embedded by using a database from the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). As a result, the investment costs, energy consumption (at high utilization) and specific costs of liquid supplied stations are lower than for gaseous supplied stations. A large liquid supplied station with 6 dispensers causes station costs of 0.47 {EUR} per kilogram dispensed compared to 0.93 {EUR} per kilogram dispensed (CGH_2). As liquefaction of hydrogen causes high energy consumption and costs, for a holistic comparison of both concepts, conditioning (compression vs. liquefaction) and transportation needs to be considered as well. Considering the entire hydrogen chain, liquid hydrogen causes higher energy consumption than gaseous hydrogen.
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