Norddeutsche Affinerie has operated an Outokumpu type flash smelter for more than 25 years. In recent years, the concentrate smelting capacity was increased to 750,000 typ, double of the initial design capacity. Maintaining this high performance level requires very good metallurgical process control. It is not enough to base this control on themrodynamics and kinetics since the furnace is highly dynamic. Understanding these dynamics and being able to quantify them can have significant financial benefits. A mass and energy balancfe model was developed and is discussed based on measured data. At this time the model is based on the major elements copper, iron, sulfur and silica. With it is possible to quantify the differences of the various material streams such as matte, slag, flue dust, matte carry-over to settling furnace, etc. Comparing the reconciled energy balance model with the fundamental thermodynamic model makes it possible to quantify the dynamics. These dynamics are related to input parameters using methods such as statistics and neural nets. In the future this database will be used to improve the understanding of the dynamic process as well as the dynamic process control.
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