In this paper we review the present state-of-the art concerning the aerodynamic prediction capabilities for parachutes. Our review is confined to ballistic parachutes which primarily produce forces in the direction of motion as opposed to gliding parachutes which may produce significant lift forces normal to the trajectory. We begin by discussing the general characteristics of parachute aerodynamics during deployment, inflation, and terminal descent, Basic bluff-body aerodynamics are next discussed in which relevant experimental observations and available numerical tools are noted. One of the most difficult aspects of parachute aerodynamics is modeling the inflation process. We examine several techniques which have been used for this purpose. We next consider several aerodynamic topics associated with deployment, steady descent, wake recontact, and aircraft/parachute interaction. We conclude by summarizing the present state-of-the art, noting current needs, and presenting possible future directions.
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