The Spheral Solar technology involves upgrading of inexpensive metallurgical grade silicon by rounding chunks of raw feedstock material into spheres about 1 mm in diameter and then subjecting the spheres to sequential melt/removal cycles. In each melt/removal cycle, impurities are segregated to the surface of the sphere due to directional solidification and slagging, and then this surface layer is removed. An airjet grind removal method used to produce 10% efficient solar cells is described in this paper, together with structural information, supportive data and discussion regarding optimal removal strategies.
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