AERATION IN DAM SPILLWAYS DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS AND SPANISH WORKS

摘要

The aim of this paper is to provide a general overview of the state-of-the-art, where aeration in dam spillways is concerned, and an account is given of the constructions that have taken place in Spain in this field. The account begins with a reference to cavitation, and how the introduction of air into the water serves to protect against this phenomenon. After this, the way in which both self-aerated and artificially aerated flows are characterized is dealt with and, with respect to artificial aeration, reference is made to the main characteristics of aerators and the design criteria. Finally, a program is shown, which has been specifically developed for hydraulic calculation in spillways that incorporates the aeration effect, thereby making it possible to determine needs with respect to aerators, the amount required and the best place to put them.