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Carcinogenicity of Styrene

机译:苯乙烯的致癌性

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Styrene is a high production volume chemical primarily used to produce polystyrene polymers and it is found in workplace air in the reinforced plastics industry. Styrene is also present in tobacco smoke, and in air pollution. In March 2018, a Working Group of leading scientists from 24 countries met at the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) in Lyon, France, to reevaluate the carcinogenicity of styrene (in addition to styrene-7,8-oxide and quinolone, not addressed here), based on published human, animal and mechanistic data. The most informative epidemiological studies were occupational cohort studies conducted in different countries in the reinforced plastics industry, suggesting that exposure to styrene causes lymphohaematopoietic malignancies, with higher consistency in the evidence for leukaemias and in particular myeloid leukaemia. However, confounding by other co-occurring occupational exposures such as butadiene, or the presence of biases or chance due to, for example, small sample sizes could not be ruled out. Evidence in humans for other cancer sites, including lung cancer, was sparse or inconsistent. Inhalation studies in rodents showed increased risk for different types of tumours in both sexes. A large body of mechanistic evidence showed that styrene is rapidly absorbed, distributed and metabolized in humans, potentially leading to genotoxic effects in exposed humans and it can modulate receptor-mediated effects and cell proliferation in various human cell lines and animal models. The conclusion of this evaluation of styrene regarding its carcinogenicity in humans is currently under embargo due to publication in the Lancet Oncology, but results will be presented in full at the time of the ISEE meeting.
机译:苯乙烯是一种高产量的化学品,主要用于生产聚苯乙烯聚合物,在增强塑料行业的工作场所空气中被发现。苯乙烯还存在于烟草烟雾和空气污染中。 2018年3月,来自24个国家/地区的领先科学家工作组在法国里昂举行的国际癌症研究机构(IARC)开会,重新评估了苯乙烯的致癌性(除了苯乙烯7,8-氧化物和喹诺酮,此处未解决),基于已发布的人类,动物和机制数据。最具信息量的流行病学研究是在不同国家的塑料工业中进行的职业队列研究,这表明接触苯乙烯会导致淋巴造血系统恶性肿瘤,在白血病,尤其是髓样白血病的证据中具有更高的一致性。但是,不能排除由于其他同时发生的职业暴露(例如丁二烯)而引起的混淆,或者由于例如小样本量导致的偏差或机会的存在。人类对于其他癌症部位(包括肺癌)的证据稀疏或不一致。在啮齿动物中进行的吸入研究表明,男女患不同类型肿瘤的风险均增加。大量的机械证据表明,苯乙烯在人体中迅速吸收,分布和代谢,可能在暴露的人体中导致遗传毒性作用,并且它可以在各种人体细胞系和动物模型中调节受体介导的作用和细胞增殖。由于《柳叶刀肿瘤学》(Lancet Oncology)上的发表,目前尚在对有关苯乙烯对人体致癌性的评估得出结论,但有关结果将在ISEE会议上全面介绍。

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