Exploiting the Versatility of Ionic Liquids and Polymeric Ionic Liquids in Chromatographic Separations and Microextractions

摘要

Ionic liquids (ILs) are an attractive class of non-molecular solventswhose versatility allows them to be incorporated into variouschromatographic and microextraction methods. ILs have negligiblevapor pressures at room temperature, possess a wide range ofviscosities, can be custom synthesized to be miscible or immisciblewith water and organic solvents, and often possess high thermalstabilities. In addition, they can be structurally tuned to modulatedesired physico-chemical properties while retaining their uniquesolvation capabilities. ILs and polymeric ionic liquids (PILs) canbe utilized as highly selective stationary phases in gaschromatography (GC). In addition, their unique properties makethem particularly advantageous as selective and tunable extractionmedia for solid-phase microextraction (SPME) and dispersiveliquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) methods. In theseapplications, they are capable of extracting a wide class of analytesfrom environmental samples, foods, pharmaceutical entities, aswell as biological samples.