The current situation concerning the development of Space Station Freedom (SSF) is described along with the reasons leading to it and the resulting implications. Following, the most important aspect influencing the design of spacecraft intended for permanent or long duration residence is discussed: the creation of an environment suited to offer maximum benefit to the crew and to guarantee their ability to cope with any emergency situation. The effects of weightlessness on the human body are summarized and the countermeasures to avoid them are described. The consideration of these aspects in the design of manned space stations results in the call for a station or spacecraft with artificial gravity.
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