Right protection mechanism based on optimal robust watermarking for shared EEG data

摘要

Watermarking is proved as a right-protection mechanism that can provide detectable evidence for the legal ownership of a shared dataset like image, audio, video, text. However, watermarking schemes for shared biomedical data, such as EEG data have been studied in little research. This paper proposes a optimized watermarking scheme with Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) technique to protect ownership for shared EEG data. The proposed watermarking optimizes quantization steps to find a suitable one to achieve the highest possible robustness without losing watermark transparency. Experimental results show that the proposed scheme provides good imperceptibility and more robust against various signal processing techniques and common attacks such as noise addition, low-pass filtering, and re-sampling.