Development of Water Submersible Gyro Generator of Combined Excitation for Energy Development of Small and Medium Rivers

摘要

According to various estimates, the energy potential of small and medium-sized rivers in Russia and neighboring countries is several times higher than that of large rivers. However, not enough attention is paid to the development of this alternative energy sector. The article analyzes one of the possible solutions to this problem. A design is proposed, in which the hydro turbine is built into the generator, and the entire structure is placed in the water. As a hydro generator, a special electric machine-a generator of combined excitation is offered. The generator inductor has powerful permanent magnets and an excitation winding. The total magnetic flux, which induces EMF in the phase windings, consists of the flows of these two sources of a magnetic field. The magnetic flux from the magnets remains unchanged, and from the excitation winding, the magnetic flux can be added or subtracted from the flux of the magnets. Thus, the magnetic flux control function remains in the machine. The current supply to the armature winding and the excitation winding is contactless. This design allows you to reduce the size due to permanent magnets and simplify the electronic system of stabilization of the output voltage by regulating the low-power excitation circuit. The generator has a reversed design, that is, the stator is inside and the rotor is outside. This design simplifies the overall layout of the turbine. The design of the generator has a patent of the Russian Federation. For the development of generators of this type, a design CAD system was created, consisting of a subsystem for the synthesis of optimal geometry on the basis of multi-level single-criteria optimization and an analysis subsystem built using well-known software complexes based on the finite element method. As an example of the operation of the system, the results of the calculation of the 3 kW hydro generator are shown. Comparative results of the calculations for the electronic model and tests of the mock-up sample are presented. The developed digital model of the generator showed good convergence with the real generator on the main parameters and characteristics.