Chapter 30 Hazard Analysis and Risk Assessment Methodology for Safety and Security Problem Solving

摘要

Safety is not defined as a total absence of hazards, it is a state in which hazards and conditions leading to physical, psychological or material harm are controlled in order to preserve (protect) the health and well-being of individuals and the community. Civil aviation sector is a huge system, contributing essentially in global and any national GDP, and any harmful event inside the system may decrease such a contribution sufficiently. Analytical modeling of the system safety is used to describe the relationships between the causes, dangers and effects of system states in its various operational scenarios. For activities, which characterized with a significant quantitative risk assessment, an approach can suggest for assessing the acceptability of risk. Risk is assessed according to the hazard identification, associated with the probability of adverse events and their consequences. The approach uses two types of risk: individual and societal. A number of events must occur if a main stressor should take place with conditional probability of their realization. Framework for risk assessment and reduction is considered also.