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DETERMINATION OF LOCAL TENSILE AND FATIGUE PROPERTIES WITH THE USE OF SUB-SIZED SPECIMENS

机译:使用尺寸较小的试样测定局部拉伸和疲劳性能

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Determination of mechanical properties with the use of sub-sized specimens is very important topic nowadays. The use of sub-sized samples can be quite wide in all cases when limited amount of the experimental material is available such as evaluation of residual life of in-service components, properties determination of developed nano-structured materials, assessment of dilatometric samples used for thermal and thermo-mechanical treatment development, local properties of weld joints and so on. Concerning this large application field it would be very useful to prepare standard for small size samples especially for most demanded material properties: tensile properties, notch impact transition temperature, fatigue properties, fracture toughness and creep. One of the widely used methods of miniature sample testing is Small Punch Test (SPT) that is used for determination of all above mentioned properties. However the main drawback of this method is need of known correlation relation between considered property and SPT for the material of interest. The correlation is needed due to different loading mode in comparison between SPT and standard test methods. Unfortunately, transferability of these correlation parameters between labs is very limited and thus each lab has to determine its own that limits the use of this method. More interest is recently paid to development of small size samples procedures using miniaturized standardized samples maintaining big advantage - the same loading mode between small sized and full sized samples. The same loading mode significantly reduces or completely removes complexity of the results transfer from small to standard size samples. The current paper is dealing with overview of various applications of small sized tensile tests and fatigue tests. Concerning tensile tests quasi static tensile test at room temperature as well as at elevated temperature are show together with results of dynamic tests and special tests of metastable supercooled austenite. The developed procedures performance is demonstrated by comparison of standard size and sub-size specimens results comparison for all tests, except supercooled austenite tests, where no standard size specimen exists.
机译:如今,使用小尺寸试样来确定机械性能是非常重要的话题。当可用有限数量的实验材料时,在所有情况下,亚尺寸样品的使用可能会非常广泛,例如,评估在役组件的剩余寿命,确定已开发的纳米结构材料的性能,评估用于热膨胀的样品的评估。热处理和热机械处理的发展,焊接接头的局部性能等。关于这个巨大的应用领域,为小尺寸样品制备标准品是非常有用的,尤其是对于大多数要求的材料特性:拉伸特性,缺口冲击转变温度,疲劳特性,断裂韧性和蠕变。微型样品测试的一种广泛使用的方法是小打孔测试(SPT),用于确定所有上述特性。然而,该方法的主要缺点是需要在所考虑的材料的特性和SPT之间具有已知的相关关系。由于SPT和标准测试方法之间的加载方式不同,因此需要相关性。不幸的是,这些相关参数在实验室之间的可传递性非常有限,因此每个实验室都必须确定自己的实验室,从而限制了该方法的使用。最近,人们越来越关注使用小型标准化样品开发小型样品方法的过程,该方法保持了很大的优势-小型样品和全尺寸样品之间的加载方式相同。相同的加载模式可显着降低或完全消除从小尺寸样品到标准尺寸样品的结果转移的复杂性。当前的论文是关于小型拉伸试验和疲劳试验的各种应用的概述。关于拉伸试验,显示了在室温以及在高温下的准静态拉伸试验,以及动态试验和亚稳态过冷奥氏体的特殊试验的结果。通过比较标准尺寸和亚尺寸样品的所有测试结果比较,证明了已开发的程序性能,除了过冷奥氏体测试外,没有标准尺寸的样品。

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