The CNGS facility is designed to produce an intense muon-neutrino beam (1017 vμ per day), directed towards the Grand Sasso National Laboratory (LNGS) in Italy at about 732 km from CERN. After six years of construction, the facility was first operated in July 2006 for an approved physics program of five years with a total of 22.5×1019 protons, or 4.5×1019 protons per year, extracted from the CERN SPS with two nominal extractions of 2.4×1013 protons at 400 GeV/c each, in a CNGS cycle of 6 s, corresponding to an average power at the target of 510 kW. The beam performance as well as the problems encountered in operating the facility and the applied solutions is described.
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