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EMPHASIZING MECHANICAL FEEDBACK IN BIO-INSPIRED DESIGN AND EDUCATION

机译:在生物启发的设计和教育中重视机械反馈

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Mechanical feedback in nature is a useful concept proposed by many researchers in different areas of biological research. The concept, at its core, is simply the idea that many mechanical processes in biology effectively act to assist in the self-stabilization of tasks, and therefore, serve functionally as a first level of feedback control. However, due to a conventional view of the nervous system as the 'controller' of the body, it has historically been assumed that the control of tasks does not critically depend on the self-stability properties of the mechanical (musculo-skeletal) system. More recent biological research has provided many examples that show neural feedback alone is not sufficient to control many tasks. This forces us to reframe our conventional view of feedback control in neuro-mechanical systems, and by extension, provide a more appropriate perspective when designing biologically-inspired system architectures. Here two ways of diagraming neuro-mechanical control are compared to understand whether one may be more helpful in framing neuro-mechanical control problems and biologically-inspired system design for engineering practitioners and students. This work, when developed further, is expected to provide new pedagogical frameworks for teaching neuromechanics, motor-control, and biologically-inspired methods of control. motor tasks [1-5]. Because high-gain neural feedback tends to destabilize when significant time delays are present, such systems are gain-limited. For this reason, under many circumstances like highly dynamic tasks, neural feedback alone would tend to not have enough 'affordance' to stabilize a desired task. To compensate, a strategy of neural feedforward control and 'mechanical feedback' (self-stabilizing plant dynamics) are utilized.
机译:自然界中的机械反馈是生物学研究不同领域的许多研究人员提出的有用概念。这个概念的核心只是简单的想法,即生物学中的许多机械过程有效地起到了帮助任务自我稳定的作用,因此在功能上充当了反馈控制的第一级。但是,由于通常将神经系统视为身体的“控制者”,因此历史上一直认为任务的控制并不严格取决于机械(肌肉骨骼)系统的自我稳定性。最近的生物学研究提供了许多例子,表明仅神经反馈不足以控制许多任务。这迫使我们重新构造神经机械系统中反馈控制的传统观点,并且通过扩展,在设计生物启发性系统体系结构时提供了更合适的视角。在这里,比较了两种绘制神经机械控制图的方法,以了解一种方法是否对框定神经机械控制问题和工程实践者和学生的生物启发式系统设计更有帮助。这项工作如果进一步发展,有望为教学神经力学,运动控制和生物学启发的控制方法提供新的教学框架。运动任务[1-5]。由于存在明显的时间延迟时,高增益神经反馈往往会不稳定,因此此类系统的增益受到限制。因此,在许多情况下(例如高度动态的任务),仅神经反馈将往往没有足够的“负担”来稳定所需的任务。为了补偿,使用了神经前馈控制和“机械反馈”(自稳定工厂动态)的策略。

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