Man creates settlement infrastructure in the surrounding environment (buildings, roads, bridges, industrial facilities and other), thus forming a technosphere. A human-caused distress of ecosystems leads to a challenging biological problem of coexistence of people and large range of communities of organisms and microorganisms that inhabit the biosphere. Phylogenetically diverse microorganisms (various genera and species of prokaryotes and eukaryotes), for example, are forced to interact and form stable microbial communities in artificial (e.g. urban) and isolated settlement environment created by man. The consequences of economic activities of people and their isolation from the natural environment most vividly manifest itself in the processes of biogenic deterioration of manmade materials and structures as a result of vital functions of different organisms, plants and their communities. Different types and brands of concrete and reinforced concrete are presently used as the main material for the construction of modern buildings and other structures that make up the infrastructure of modern cities. Microbiological analysis of concrete structures showed that the richest in species composition are samples of bacteria and microscopic fungi taken from samples of concrete in the ground chips, leakages and seepage of moisture through building materials, from contaminated concrete structures.
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