Institutional economic analysis on U.S. transport policy change

摘要

The paper examines the change of U.S. transport policy on the institutional analysis framework. The U.S. government has always paid more attention to the development of transport and issued a series of transport policies. Transport policy change in U.S. experiences three phases: enlarging capacity, regulating structure, promoting sustainable transport. In the process, the change of the status of transport, the characters of exterior resource and environment are the direct inducement of transport policy change; political institution and transport organizational institution decide the difficult or easy change; society notion and ideology advocating liberty affect the direction of the change. The U.S. transport policy change provides the very valuable experiences for China that the policy should be formulated scientifically and should be forward-looking, and the institution in political fields should be reformed to reduce the barriers in the process of formulating and implementing of transport policy.