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COLD BENDING OF BOILER TUBES IN NEW GRADES

机译:新的锅炉管冷弯

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摘要

New high creep resistant steels have to be bent according to specific procedures in order to preserve parent tube properties. Cold bending of tubing can lead to an important level of deformation in extrados and intrados areas depending on the bending radius and the process used. Fabrication codes allow bending without any heat treatment in case of small deformation. However in case of larger deformation they may require a stress relieving treatment (SRT) in order to eliminate the brittleness of severely cold worked areas. In addition the bends often undergo a post weld heat treatment (PWHT) due to welds in boiler components. A softening effect can occur on these cold worked areas during heat treatment (SRT or PWHT) or service depending on the operation conditions. This softening effect resulting from recrystallization or recovery phenomena can be detrimental to the creep properties. This conference paper focuses on the creep behavior of several new steel grades such as T23, T24, T92 and VM12 after cold bending followed by different heat treatments. The results are compared with the well-known T91 grade, taken as a reference. Recommendations for cold bending are proposed to define the best fabrication routes for these new steels and compared with fabrication codes, mainly with the recent ASME proposal forT91 steel.
机译:新型高抗蠕变钢必须根据特定程序进行弯曲,以保持母管性能。管道的冷弯会根据弯曲半径和所使用的过程,在拱顶和拱顶区域导致重要程度的变形。制作规范允许在变形很小的情况下进行弯曲而无需任何热处理。但是,如果变形较大,则可能需要进行应力消除处理(SRT),以消除严重冷加工区域的脆性。另外,由于锅炉部件中的焊接,弯头经常要进行焊后热处理(PWHT)。根据操作条件,在热处理(SRT或PWHT)或维修过程中,这些冷加工区域可能会出现软化效果。由重结晶或恢复现象引起的这种软化作用可能会损害蠕变性能。会议论文重点讨论了几种新钢种(例如T23,T24,T92和VM12)在冷弯后进行了不同的热处理后的蠕变行为。将结果与著名的T91等级进行比较,以作为参考。提出了冷弯建议,以定义这些新型钢的最佳制造路线,并与制造规范进行了比较,主要是与最近针对A91的T91钢的提议进行了比较。

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