Practical experience with tools and equipment used in decommissioning of nuclearfacilities

摘要

This paper provides information on the experience gained in planning and performingdecommissioning and dismantling work for hot cells, research and power reactors as well as storage facilities forliquid and solid radioactive waste.The contents focus on the preconditions which are to be determined prior to starting decommissioning, in orderto assure proper planning and safe implementation of decommissioning for nuclear installations. Consideration isgiven, on the one hand, on plant-specific circumstances like clearance conditions, design and materialcharacteristics of the primary and secondary systems and, on the other hand, on the availability of feasible wastemanagement options. Further attention is paid to the ascertainment of radiological conditions and prerequisites.Based on practical experience gained in corresponding project implementations, it will be demonstrated how themost favorable tool and equipment selection for component dismantling and efficient protection againstspreading of contamination can be achieved as a result of pre-determining the plant-specific circumstances. Thisincludes a survey and exchange of experience on the processes and tools currently used in the nuclear industryfor the dismantling of plant components and systems.The examples given show that, when a detailed pre-planning of the overall project and the actions are carriedout, primary and secondary waste production can be minimized and optimum performance with regard toradiological safety can be achieved.