PRIRODA module: the optical sensors for remote sensing in Italy

摘要

Abstract: The space module PRIRODA is the technical base for the international scientific project PRIRODA. It will be launched and attached at the end of 1995 to the inhabited space platform MIR. By means of the optical sensors placed on board the PRIRODA module, we are going to study the following topics: (a) water quality in the coastal zone and particularly near the river estuaries; (b) vegetation stress due to the anthropogenic activities; (c) geophysical studies in areas of geothermal and volcanic activities; (d) estimation and verification of the atmosphere contributions. In order to perform the goals mentioned above, the Italian side has identified some test sites mainly in the Tuscany region and the data from the following optical sensors of the PRIRODA module will be utilized: (1) ISTOK-1 - the instrument is a 64 channel infrared spectro-radiometer in the band of 4 to 16 micrometers. (2) MOS-OBZOR - this imaging spectrometer is dedicated to the investigation of the reflected solar radiation in the visible and near infrared. (3) OZON-M - the instrument is suitable to the investigation of the spatial structure of the infrared radiation of the ocean surface and the atmosphere. (4) MSU-E - this electro-optical scanner operates at a spatial resolution of 25 m in three visible and near infrared spectral bands. (5) MSU-SK - this opto-mechanical scanner operates in four adjacent visible and near infrared bands at 120 m of spatial resolution plus one band in the thermal infrared region with 300 m of spatial resolution. Taking into account the characteristics of these sensors and utilizing both experimental data available now and coming from similar sensors placed on aircraft or spacecraft and suitable models, we are estimating the possible applications of such new sensors. !8