Currently there are no good research tools for studying the effectiveness of software design and documentation techniques. Usually the research tools used are paper-and-pencil measures where the subjects design a program or attempt to comprehend a previously written program using one of two or more design techniques. With paper-and-pencil measurements, the researcher usually counts the number of syntax and logic errors the subject makes. Also, the researcher may give multiple-choice questions which are designed to measure comprehension. Using paper-and-pencil measurement tools, the researcher only obtains information on the finished product; therefore, most of the programmer's behaviors exhibited during the writing of or comprehension of a program are not measured.
I have written a ram-resident program (tool) which will record all programmer activity. The program records the programmer's activity while s/he is in an editor writing and correcting the program, and it records the program's behavior while compiling and executing. Thus, the tool records all keystrokes and combinations of keystrokes and the exact moment is time when they occurred. It records all run-time and compile-time errors and the time when they occurred. The execution of this tool, as well as the data files, are transparent to the user. The tool is written for Turbo Pascal. Versions for other compilers and interpreters are now being developed.
The ability to "capture" the above data gives software engineering researchers one of the most powerful tools in existence. This tool will allow researchers to monitor programmer's behavior while in a laboratory or in the field. Combined with "paper-and-pencil" measurement tools, just about every meaningful programmer behavior can be measured.
Since very little is known about the effectiveness of design and documentation techniques, this tool will make it very easy to compare the effectiveness of Nassi-Shneiderman, Warnier-Orr charts, decision trees, decision tables, finite-state diagrams, HOS charts, action diagrams, flowcharts, pseudocode, structured English, and others.
Almost any area in software psychology could benefit from this tool. For example, researchers could measure the effectiveness of: levels of program indentation graphical vs. non-graphical computer languages debugging aids comments using an editor while programming pretty print modularity various types of error messages program syntax various icons etc., etc.
Since this tool can monitor a student's behavior while s/he is writing programs, the tool can be used to measure the effectiveness of various teaching methods and materials.
This tool is licensed for research purposes only. Only a nominal copy and service charge will be required.
当前没有好的研究工具来研究软件设计和文档编制技术的有效性。通常,所使用的研究工具是纸笔测验,其中,受试者设计程序或尝试使用两种或多种设计技术中的一种来理解先前编写的程序。通过纸和铅笔的测量,研究人员通常会计算受试者犯下的语法和逻辑错误的数量。此外,研究人员可能会提出多项选择题,这些问题旨在衡量理解力。使用纸和铅笔测量工具,研究人员仅获得有关成品的信息;因此,程序员在编写或理解程序过程中表现出的大多数行为都是无法衡量的。 P>
我编写了一个ram驻留程序(工具),该程序将记录所有程序员的活动。程序记录了他/她在编辑器中编写和更正程序时的程序员的活动,并且在编译和执行时记录了程序的行为。因此,该工具会记录所有击键和击键组合,并且确切的时刻是发生这些击键的时间。它记录所有运行时和编译时错误以及它们发生的时间。该工具以及数据文件的执行对用户是透明的。该工具是为Turbo Pascal编写的。正在开发其他编译器和解释器的版本。 P>
“捕获”以上数据的能力为软件工程研究人员提供了最强大的工具之一。该工具将使研究人员可以在实验室或野外监视程序员的行为。结合“纸笔”测量工具,几乎可以测量每种有意义的程序员行为。 P>
由于对设计和文档编制技术的有效性了解甚少,因此该工具将使比较Nassi-Shneiderman,Warnier-Orr图表,决策树,决策表,有限状态图和HOS的有效性变得非常容易。图表,操作图,流程图,伪代码,结构化英语等。 P>
几乎任何软件心理学领域都可以从此工具中受益。例如,研究人员可以衡量以下方面的有效性: 程序缩进级别 P> ITEM> 图形与非图形计算机语言 P> ITEM> 调试工具 P> ITEM> 评论 P> ITEM> 在编程时使用编辑器 P> ITEM> 精美打印 P> ITEM> 模块化 P> ITEM> 各种错误消息 P> ITEM> 程序语法 P> ITEM> 各种图标 P> ITEM> 等,等等。 P> ITEM> LIST>
P>
由于该工具可以监视学生在编写程序时的行为,因此该工具可用于衡量各种教学方法和材料的有效性。 P>
该工具仅许可用于研究目的。只需名义上的副本和服务费。 P>
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机译:图2:首尔地图显示该研究的6个地区,该研究已经修改了根据以下版权许可的“Stefan-XP”产生的源头。 “根据免费软件基金会发布的GNU免费文档许可证,版本1.2或任何稍后版本,授予允许复制,分发和/或修改本文档的权限;没有不变的部分,没有前封面文本,没有背面文本。许可证的副本包含在题为GNU免费文档许可证的部分中。 GNU免费文档许可证(GNU FDL或简单的GFDL)是免费文档的Copyleft许可证,由GNU项目的自由软件基金会(FSF)设计。“