Laser-based direct metal deposition (DMD) is a solidfreeform fabrication process capable of fabricatingfully dense and metallurgically sound parts. Theprocess has been greatly enhanced toward multidirectionaldeposition by the use of the coaxial nozzle.Since many operational parameters depend on the gas–powder stream characteristics between the nozzles andthe deposition point, an extensive understanding of thegas–powder flow is necessary. Three-dimensional (3D)analysis of the powder flow is calculated using imageprocessing. The obtained results are in good agreementwith the experimental ones, and they provide a goodinsight into the process phenomena.
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