UNDERSTANDING 3D LASER SCANNERS: DESIGN CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES FOR APPLICATIONS TO CULTURAL HERITAGE PRESERVATION

摘要

In recent years, sensors and algorithms for three-dimensional (3D) imaging and modeling of real objects and sites have received significant attention, not only in the computer vision and graphics research fields from which they originate, but also increasingly as an important tool for a variety of applications. The ability to create a digital representation of the shape (envelop) and appearance of an existing object is a key enabling technology in many domains, e.g. automotive industry, space exploration, medical, industrial inspection, manufacturing,.... Three-dimensional imaging technology finds a challenging area of application in the high-resolution recording of museum objects and cultural heritage sites. For example, 3D systems have been used for digitizing archaeological site features, ethnographic collections, paintings, sculptures and monuments as well as architectural elements on historic buildings. Once recorded, the 3D image data of a site or museum object can be used for a variety of applications including archival documentation, research, conservation, replication as well as interactive 3D virtual reality theatres and web-based virtual museums. Museum artefacts and archaeological or historical sites provide a variety of shapes, materials and environments, and impose specific requirements on the performance and use of the technology.