Li-ion batteries have many postive atributes which explains their rapid integration into many portable and stationary applications. Still thermal runaway of these cells remain a major issue which requires engineering controls and testing. Runaways can occur due to internal or external shorting of a cell/pack or from the mechanical impact due to crushing or penetration. Understanding how these thermal runaway events occur and the resultant temperature and pressure changes within the cell is critical in designing safety systems to reduce the likelihood and/or mitigate the consequence of such thermal failures.
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