Advanced Toilet Research on ISS in Preparation for Long duration Spaceflight and in support of Efficient Waste Management on Earth

摘要

Six crew members on ISS sometimes need to spend their expensive crew time to fix core system problem such asexercise equipment, water processing system, and Toilet system. Also to keep privacy for each individual crew isone of important improvement point to live in ISS (this include issues odor, noise from space toilet system and alsoHuman waste volume management.) For long-duration space flight, including that of the present International SpaceStation (ISS), it is necessary to attempt "Minimization of the spread of odor", "Minimization of the amount of wateruse", "Effective recycling of urine", and "Minimization of waste management cost". These demands are similar toissues which many countries are currently facing in their waste management methods. Therefore, we shouldeffectively use the result of technological research and development in various Earth based toilet systems and pastand present Space toilet systems so that we can develop more recyclable, clean, and low cost toilets for many Earthand Space applications. In this manuscript, we propose doing experiments and research of efficient wastemanagement systems on the ISS. This manuscript consists of several studies such as "Lessons learned from previousSpace based toilet systems", "Waste management system experiment conceptual designs that fit the size of anInternational Standard Payload Rack (ISPR)" including specific discussion such as "Human-Toilet interfaceimprovement for comfortable use", "How we can minimize odor?", "How we can minimize volume of Humanwaste?", "Future option to process by microbial in soil to support space farming".