This paper presents an approach for the rapid determination and localization of dielectric anomalies like foreign bodies in material layers. Ultra-wideband pulses with a duration of approximately 400 ps and a cross-correlation algorithm are applied. Accurate position determination in a plane is possible without any calibration. If a volume is to be observed, an amplitude calibration has to be carried out. An experimental measurement set up is described. An accuracy (rms) of 2 mm in x-direction, 5 mm in y-direction and 25 mm in z-direction is experimentally achieved for dielectric obstacles with diameters between 5-12 mm and relative permittivities between 2-10.
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