Management of high Silt-Laden Rivers in Russia and China (case study of Terek River and Yellow River)

摘要

Severe aggradation of high silt-laden rivers causes sediment hazards through the impact on the safety of human life and property. The direct results of the sedimentation are floods and bank erosion. There are a lot of rivers distinguished by large sediment load in China and the greatest is Yellow river. Progress of river management in China is well known over the world. During past 3～4 decades China gained remarkable achievements and had been regarded as a leading country in sedimentation research and management. In Russia the rivers where disasters caused by sedimentation occur are rare. The largest high silt-laden rivers are located in the South of European part in the Caspian Sea basin. The long-term strategy for keeping water and disaster mitigation on the Terek river have been examining till nowadays. Thus to study the alternatives of high silt-laden rivers management with the reference to similar practices in the World is the important task. The various variants of the strategy to manage Lower Terek should be corresponded with the optimuM decision model. At management of high silt-laden rivers the paper suggests the relativistic principle in cost, risk in water management and benefits from the protected land use. It is shown that the same scheme is realizing on the Yellow River through comprehensive management plan.