The results of neurophysiology and biology about early vision inspire us to establish an effective and economical computational model. As the most important part of the early vision, retina is a complex but orderly structure, in which the first essential information is processed preliminarily. In this paper, according to anatomic structure, a multi-layer digital retina model is presented to simulate biological retina and it is placed in a physical visual field of a reduced eye to analyze why the retina can be capable of fulfilling all tasks. The model tries to reach a kind of feasible balance among hardware complexity, computing load and performance as the retina does. This research also contributes to the design and implementation of artificial retina chips to improve perception of visually impaired patients.
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