Energy Efficiency Demand Response in Competitive Electricity markets: Opportunities Challenges for Energy Managers

摘要

Various electric grid independent system operators (ISOs) and Regional Transmission Organizations (RTOs), along with FERC have been promoting policies to increase demand response capabilities in the deregulated energy markets in recent years. Commercial & Industrial (C&I) customers are one of the key targets for achieving significant demand response in the deregulated electricity markets, due to their size, and the potential for a small number of users representing a large percentage impact on demand reduction on the grid. Various ISOs such as NYISO, PJM, ISO NE have developed demand response programs that offer financial incentives to end users under the umbrella of Emergency and/or Economic Demand response programs.