Framing effects refer to the phenomenon that one makes a decision depending on the way the choice is described, under uncertainty (Tversky & Kahneman, 1981). Shafir (1993) suggested that one tended to pick the alternative that had more dimensions for the justification because one needed to justify one's decision if there was no clear basis for choice. Then, the enriched option has more chance to be both chosen and rejected than the impoverished option. In the present study, it was investigated whether framing effects would be observed with cultural difference of decision-making.
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