The residual strength and the strain required to mobilize it are key parameters in the assessment of post-liquefaction deformations. Several approaches for obtaining the residual strength are discussed. Special attention is given to lessons learned from laboratory testing, particularly the effects of fabric, anisotropy, and confining stress. The importance of drainage and the potential for mixing of layered materials is also considered. A relationship is proposed between strength ratio and blowcount which is supported by laboratory tests of undisturbed frozen samples and by field observations. Post-liquefaction stiffness is discussed, and a method of deformation analysis is presented which incorporates this stiffness and the residual strength in a rational way.
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