4D seismic: synergy, not just integration, of geophysics and engineering

摘要

Much has been saiud and published about time-lapse 3D, or 4D, seismic since the last EUROPEC meeting in 1996, most of which focuses on the geophysical process8ing issues of comparing two 3D images to detect meaningful changes. This is indeed a critical part of 4D, because without a meaningful time-lapse change, therre is clearly no useful information derived from the 4D processing. Given a time-apse change, however, the next issue, and equally critical, is how the change is used to impact reservior management.