Evolution of the Production Methods for Bitumen in the Area Cerro Negro of the Bituminous Orinoco Belt -- Venezuela

摘要

This paper summarizes the evolution of the different production methods used to produce bitumen from unconsolidated sands at the Cerro Negro area in the Orinoco Belt, Venezuela. The analysis starts with the installation of beam and hydraulic pumping units in vertical wells with conventional subsurface API pumps used to define the most adequate production completion to be used in future deviated, slant and horizontal wells.