Pesticide Urinary Metabolite Levels in Asthmatic Children Residing in Subsidized Housing

摘要

We examined urinary pesticide (UP) metabolite levels in asthmatic children residing in subsidized housing in New Orleans, Louisiana and compared these levels between children residing in green and non-green housing. Morning void samples were collected from 68 children (aged 7-12 years) at three time points between 2014 and 2016. Ninety-seven percent of children provided three urine samples. Urine samples were analyzed for seven pesticide metabolites (3 organophosphates: TCPY, IMPY, PNP; 3 pyrethroids: 4-F-3-PBA, 3-PBA, trans-DCCA; and 1 herbicide: 2,4-D). Metabolites were creatinine-adjusted and natural log transformed. Children were classified as residing in green housing if the home was constructed with low VOC materials and utilized integrated pest management. Differences in metabolite levels were analyzed using generalized estimating equations. Four metabolites (2,4-D, TCPY, 3-PBA, PNP) were detected in >90% of samples. IMPY was detected in 52% of samples, and 4-F-3-PBA and trans-DCCA were not frequently detected (<9%, <13%, respectively). There were no statistically significant differences in UP level at any time point. There were lower levels of 4-F-3-PBA (β=-1.23, p=0.11), TCPY (β=-0.05, p=0.63), and PNP (β=-0.01, p=0.93) for children living in green housing. 2,4-D (β=0.09, p=0.43), 3-PBA (β=0.08, p=0.63), IMPY (β=0.02, p=0.90), and trans-DCCA (β=0.37, p=0.07) levels were higher for those in green housing. None of the differences in housing type reached statistical significance. In models examining the interaction between housing type and time, there were no statistically significant differences between green and non-green housing at any time point. These results suggest that asthmatic children residing in subsidized housing in New Orleans are chronically exposed to low levels of pesticides resulting in limited variability of UP metabolite. We found no significant differences in UP levels between children residing in green housing compared to non-green housing.