EFFECTIVE AVERAGE ACTION IN STATISTICAL PHYSICS AND QUANTUM FIELD THEORY

摘要

An exact renormalization group equation describes the dependence of the free energy on an infrared cutoff for the quantum or thermal fluctuations. It interpolates between the microphysical laws and the complex macroscopic phenomena. We present a simple unified description of critical phenomena for O(N)-symmetric scalar models in two, three or four dimensions, including essential scaling for the Kosterlitz-Thouless transition.