BULLET IMPACT ON STEEL AND KEVLARreg;/STEEL ARMOR-EXPERIMENTAL DATA AND HYDROCODE MODELING WITH EULERIAN AND LAGRANGIAN METHODS

摘要

Impact of lead/copper hunting bullets on steel and steel/Kevlar® armor systems has been studied both computationally and experimentally. Simulation of homogeneous materials, such as steel, under impact/shock conditions is relatively straight forward with good comparison being obtained between computation and experiment. Simulation of transversely isotropic materials such as Kevlar® is more difficult. Even though the basic material models exist in both Eulerian and Lagrangian frames of reference, computer simulation of high speed impact on Kevlar® (and any other transversely isotropic) armor is far from routine. A Lagrangian treatment of these types of problems makes the most sense and produces the best results because large material displacements are necessary to mobilize the transverse tensile strength that is essential to stop the projectile. Lagrangian simulation of bullet impact on Kevlar® compares well to laboratory impact experiments in terms of the effect on the Kevlar®.