Strength and structure of the roofed mud-walls of Toji Temple

摘要

Toji Temple was constructed as a governmental temple to pray the public peace in 796,rn2-years after the transfer of the capital to Kyoto in 794. It is the general head-temple of the ShingonrnBuddhism and has become the world heritage since 1994. The mud wall that surrounds the precincts isrnrestored for the first time in about 400 years. Kyoto City Archaeological Research Institute has conductedrnthe investigation. The authors have taken charge of the geotechnical investigation particularly for thernstrength and structure of the rammed earth inside the wall that has remain through partial collapse andrnrestoration. The strength characteristics in terms of the converted cohesion by using a needle penetrationrntest apparatus that has been utilized at the archaeological sites as a non-destructive method. It is found thatrnthe rammed earth has the feature which changes with constructed ages and definite layered structure.