Analysis of N-nitrosamines Formed in Various Source Waters Treated with Eleven Disinfection Processes

摘要

N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) was the first nitrosamine identified as a disinfection by-product (DBP); other nitrosamines such as N-nitrosomorpholine (NMor) and N-nitrosopyrrolidine (NPyr) have recently been detected in drinking water and identified as DBPs. However there is little information on the formation and occurrence of non-volatile and thermally unstable nitrosamines because they are not detected by commonly used gas chromatography methods. Here we describe the development of a new solid phase extraction-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (SPE-HPLC-MS/MS) method for analysis of both volatile and non-volatile nitrosamines at low ng.L~(-1) concentrations. This method has successfully detected a nonvolatile nitrosamine DBP (N-nitrosodiphenylamine) in a drinking water distribution system and was used to study nitrosamine formation when source waters of various qualities were disinfected by eleven different processes.