Noise-resistant quantum key distribution protocol

摘要

We present the scheme of compatible quantum information analysis of the quantum key distribution (QKD) protocols, which give answers to the following questions: is it possible to improve the quantum bit error rate (QBER) of the 6-state protocol by employing more states, up to infinity, and can we essentially improve the QBER if the multidimensional Hilbert space with dimensionality more than 3 is used? Also, a novel quantum key distribution (QKD) protocol, based on all unselected states of a quantum system, which set the alphabet with continuous set of letters, is proposed. Employing all states of the Hilbert space leads to the maximal quantum uncertainty of transmitted states and therefore an eavesdropper receives the minimal amount of information. For the case of two-dimensional Hilbert space, our protocol allows secure transmission at the error rate higher than that one for the BB84-protocol and comparable with the characteristics of the best known QKD-protocols. However, with increasing the dimensionality of the Hilbert space the critical error rate for our protocol increases and in the limit of infinite-dimensional space the protocol becomes non-threshold.