Numerical Simulation for Seamless Integration of a Safe Battery Pack in Light Electric Vehicle as a Contribution to the DEMOBASE Project

摘要

Electrification in automotive application has been part of a wide effort to reduce greenhouse gases emission following policies of major governments in the world and more specifically in the EU. These policies' success will rely on the development of new electric vehicles able to tackle main challenges of first generation EVs being high cost, autonomy and also safety. As a consequence, critical choice needs to be made as soon as the development and prototyping phase Modelling can then play a crucial role in order to anticipate and validate the choices made and that is specifically the scope of the DEMOBASE project (DEsign and Modelling for improved BAttery Safety and Efficiency) in order to develop an innovating EV concept meeting new market demand. The strategy of the DEMOBASE project takes safety into account at every stage of EV design and is fully supported by state of the art modelling and experiment on Li-ion cell and modules. Three Li-ion cells generation will be provided by SAFT during the project and will permit to demonstrate and validate the strategy of the project. In this poster we will focus on the 0D modelling of the battery considering the thermal behaviour of the battery in nominal and abuse conditions. First of all, a multiphysics model of the I-FEVS electric vehicle has been developed on Simcenter Amesim software to provide power profiles for the needs of the project and confirm vehicle performances according to the battery pack choices Then, experimental tests have been made at IFPEN and allowed the calibration of a dynamic electric-circuit equivalent model of the first generation cell on Simcenter Amesim software Thermal abuse tests have been carried out in INERIS and were then used to calibrate a thermochemical thermal runaway model of the cell coupled to the previous dynamic model. This thermal runaway model takes into account the main exothermal reactions like SEI stabilization, SEI formation, positive electrode degradation and electrolyte decomposition as well as short circuit during thermal runaway and gas formation and venting In fine, a simulator of the battery module has been developed with 0D elements able to describe the thermal behaviour of each cell. This simulator is being used in order to check whether the thermal management is sufficient to avoid any overheating during acceleration tests or thermal runaway propagation inside the module, and will permit to give recommendations for the design and selection of the materials used to build of the module.