DEGUMMING AGAVE CANTALA FIBER USING MICROBIAL (GREEN DEGUMMING) AND ECONOMIC REVIEW

摘要

The microbes found in activate sludge of the mixture of industrial waste, wastewater processing and household waste can be used for degumming agave cantala fibers. After isolated was obtained 22 kinds of microbes were later made a pure breeding and prepared propagation medium at concentration of 10~6cells/ ml. The degumming process was carried out in each medium with 5 days soaking time. From the test results of fiber physical characteristic was selected 7 microbial that can degrade the gum and non-fibrous elements in agave cantala fiber, that is Aspergillus niger fungus and Penicillium janthii, Bacillus sp bacteria {Bacillus 1, 2, and 3) and Amphibacillus sp. The degumming process was carried out using each selected microbes at concentration of 10~9 cells/ml, with 1-5 days soaking time.From the results of fiber physical characteristic and gum level test was found that Aspergillus niger fungus and the Bacterium Bacillus 2 gives optimal results in 5 days soaking. Further experiments is mixing 2 kinds of microbes made for production medium with variations in the small-scale degumming nutrition. As a comparison has also been conducted degumming compound in biological mean with selected microbe and in 5 days soaking time, followed by chemical means with sodium hydroxide (NaOH) concentration is lower and relatively shorter time than conventional chemical means. The fibers of degumming result have fairly good quality and can be further processed as raw material for textile industry and other manufactur industry. From an economic aspects review to degumming total of 300 kg per day with total investment Rp. 11.374.000, is known the production cost in a year Rp.7.457.420, the plan to sell in one year Rp. 12 million, so it was obtained profit in the sum of 32.82%, BEP 52.1% and Return on Investment (ROI) can return in year 2.8.