Sleep physiological parameter measurement for breath, chest and abdomen effort to detect apnea hypopnea

摘要

Sleep apnea and hypopnea are common sleep disorder that are defined as a shallow breathing or paused breathing during sleep. Sleep apnea hypopnea can be either central or obstructive type. Central is related to the central nervous system's inability to send signal to the organ responsible for breathing. Obstructive relates with the blockage of the upper airway tract that can lead to partial or complete opposition in the airflow. OSAHS is the study for detection of this disorder where PSG is one of the key equipment for diagnosis. PSG gives multiple physiological parameters of a subject like an EEG, EOG, ECG, efforts, and respiratory flow during sleep. The current Indian population has a lot of obese, who are the prime victim of sleep apnea hypopnea. Undetermined disorders can lead other cardiovascular abnormalities. In our approach, a set of two effort belt is used to measure the effort of the chest and abdomen. Piezo electric discs are used as a sensor for the effort belts. Humidity sensor is used as a sensor for the breathing. The outputs of this sensors are in the form of waves having peaks for every breath taken. The number of peaks for one minute is the breath rate for that sensor. If peaks are less it indicates less breath which will indicate sleep apnea hypopnea event. Apnea hypopnea index provides the information on the threshold set for apnea hypopnea in an hour. Number of event occurring in one hour is recorded and then compared with the AHI (Apnea Hypopnea Index.