Microwave manipulation of electrons in silicon quantum dots

摘要

In quantum computation, the choice for the qubit implementation drives the method to be used to manipulate qubits and read out the computed state. For this, either electro-magnetic pulses or photons can be used. In semiconductors, qubit states in GaAs may be manipulated using a combination of surface acoustic waves in the GHz range while applying radiofrequency pulses [1] or static magnetic fields [2] to access the spin states but exciton states in InAs/GaAs quantum dots necessitate photons of energy about 1.3 eV to be manipulated. Optical access is also possible for accessing Rydberg states of implanted atoms in silicon as well as for realizing quantum operations [3]. However, in the case of the Kane-related proposals, electrical pulses are generally preferred and privileged.