Applying Functional Analysis to Study the Airline Pilot's Perspective on Human-Human Interactions during Flight Operation

摘要

The objective of the study is to understand therncooperation building process within Human-HumanrnInteraction (HHI) during Collaborative Decision Makingrn(CDM) in a distributed, multiple-objective decision makingrnenvironment. It is based upon functional HHI analysisrnwithin typical Air Traffic Management (ATM) operationrnsituations. A questionnaire is proposed to identify aircraftrnpilots' perspective on cooperation during HHI with otherrnoperators within various flight and turn-round situations.·rnIn this study, different flight and turn-round operationrnsituations are compared and characterized by: (1) arnsynchronous interaction mode, where all participatingrnoperators interact with each other at the same time, and (2)rnan asynchronous interaction mode, where the participatingrnoperators interact with each other at different times. Inrnboth situations, only HHI which require cooperation amongrnoperators across different locations and objective functionsrnare contemplated. Interactions take place through a writtenrntext or speech. Task and decision making for all situations isrndistributed between operators. The aircraft pilot'srnperspective and their information requirements duringrnthese flight and turn-round situations are used to identifyrncritical information processing during CDM: All situationsrnare usually time constrained, change quickly, and require arnhighly dynamic information transfer. Thereby, informationrnsharing for decision making can be either homogeneousrnhaving all operators the same information required orrnheterogeneous where information is not equally sharedrnamong operators.rnThis study relies on a cockpit survey which examines ninernflight and turn-round operation situations. Airline Pilot'srnwere asked to state their view on cooperative behaviorrnduring these situations and the resulting consequence onrnflight punctuality.