In recent years，gold nanomaterials，especially spherical gold nanoparticles(GNPs)have been widely used to modify electrodes. A typical example is colloidal gold nanoparticles. Such nanogold-modified electrodes can be considered as behaving as random arrays of gold nanoelectrodes，whose diffusion-controlled voltammetric response should obey the Davies' theory so that the enhanced mass transport capability can be expected. In addition modification of gold nanomaterials can bring high active electrode surface area and good conductivity. Furthermore，gold nanomaterials have some unique merits such as extraordinary catalytic activity，biocompatibility，and interface-dominated properties，which imply a wide range of potential applications including fuel cells and chemical/biological sensors.
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