The present disclosure relates to the manufacturing of railway steel rail, and a post-weld heat treatment method for 1,300 MPa-level low-alloy heat-treated steel rail. The method comprises: (1) subjecting a steel rail welded joint having a residual temperature of 900-1,100° C. to a first stage cooling to lower the welded joint surface temperature to 650-720° C.; (2) subjecting the steel rail welded joint to a second stage cooling to lower the welded joint surface temperature to 480-550° C.; (3) subjecting the steel rail welded joint to a third stage cooling to lower the welded joint surface temperature to 10-30° C. The heat treatment takes advantage of the welding waste heat and does not require a reheating. The martensitic structure in the metallographic structure of the steel rail welded joint can be controlled to ≤1% and the fatigue life can reach 3 million times, which is conducive to operation safety of the railway.
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