The invention relates to a method for monitoring the resulting compressive residual stresses of components (18) in a shot-peening machining process. According to the invention, the method comprises the steps of: introducing (A) test specimens (22) into the shot-peening machining process, which test specimens are machined in addition to the components (18); measuring (B) the magnetic characteristics of the test specimens (22) after the shot-peening machining process; and determining (C) the absolute measurement values of the compressive residual stresses stored in association with the magnetic characteristics, on the basis of calibration data.
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