The present invention relates to an apparatus for detecting thermal runaway, a battery system, and a method for detecting thermal runaway of a battery system, wherein the apparatus for detecting thermal runaway includes a first measurement module for measuring temperature values of the plurality of cells through at least one temperature sensor , a second measurement module for measuring an output voltage value of the battery system, and monitoring data received from the first measurement module to determine the effectiveness of thermal runaway detection based on the temperature value, and thermal runaway based on the temperature value and a controller configured to detect thermal runaway of the battery system by selectively monitoring the temperature value or the output voltage value according to a detection validity determination result.
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