Methods, devices and systems for controlling loop filtering processes across boundaries during video encoding and decoding are described. One example method includes performing a conversion between a video comprising a video region that includes a subpicture and a bitstream of the video, wherein the bitstream conforms to a format rule that specifies whether a first syntax element is signaled in the bitstream is based on whether the subpicture is treated as a picture, and wherein the first syntax element is related to an application of a loop filtering process across a subpicture boundary associated with the video region.
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