LAUNCH COMPLEX AND METHOD FOR LAUNCHING LIGHT AND MEDIUM-CLASS SPACE ROCKETS WITHOUT USING THE 1ST STAGE

摘要

FIELD: space rockets. ;SUBSTANCE: group of inventions relates to ground complexes for launching space rockets. The launch complex includes a vertical shaft, in the lower part of which there are conical charges of solid propellant surrounded by water, and slotted holes for horizontal injection of water into the shaft. Above the shaft, there are annular cavities for water. The mine contains a solid-propellant upper stage with a capsule installed on it, which includes a launch vehicle and a payload. When the rockets are launched, due to the combustion of the fuel of the conical charges and the engine of the upper stage, a large amount of dry superheated steam is formed from the water in the lower part of the shaft and in the annular cavities. The action of the high pressure of the vapor-gas mixture imparts a velocity equivalent to that imparted by the first stage of the rocket to the capsule when it leaves the mine. Subsequent acceleration is carried out by the launch vehicle engine.;EFFECT: invention is aimed at increasing efficiency of the vapor-gas mixture for accelerating the capsule by intensifying the vaporization by the products of solid fuel combustion. Advantages of the invention: cheap and environmentally friendly consumables (water and SP) are used for the launch, simplicity and reliability of the design, quick preparation of the launch complex for subsequent launches.;2 cl, 2 dwg